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SpaceWeather.com -- News and information about meteor showers, solar flares, auroras, and near-Earth asteroids
 
Solar wind
speed: 313.8 km/sec
density: 10.75 protons/cm3
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 1146 UT
X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: C1
1934 UT Sep25
24-hr: C6
0706 UT Sep25
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at: 2350 UT
Daily Sun: 25 Sep 22
Expand: labels | no labels
Sunspot AR3107 has a 'beta-gamma' magnetic field that harbors energy for M-class solar flares. . Credit: SDO/HMI

Sunspot number: 128
What is the sunspot number?
Updated 25 Sep 2022

Spotless Days
Current Stretch: 0 days
2022 total: 1 day (<1%)
2021 total: 64 days (18%)
2020 total: 208 days (57%)
2019 total: 281 days (77%)
2018 total: 221 days (61%)
2017 total: 104 days (28%)
2016 total: 32 days (9%)
2015 total: 0 days (0%)
2014 total: 1 day (<1%)
2013 total: 0 days (0%)
2012 total: 0 days (0%)
2011 total: 2 days (<1%)
2010 total: 51 days (14%)
2009 total: 260 days (71%)
2008 total: 268 days (73%)
2007 total: 152 days (42%)
2006 total: 70 days (19%)

Updated 25 Sep 2022


Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 14.35
x1010 W Neutral
Max: 49.4
x1010 W Hot (10/1957)
Min: 2.05
x1010 W Cold (02/2009)
explanation | more data: gfx, txt
Updated 24 Sep 2022

The Radio Sun
10.7 cm flux: 147 sfu
explanation | more data
Updated 25 Sep 2022

Cosmic Rays Solar Cycle 25 is beginning, and this is reflected in the number of cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere. Neutron counts from the University of Oulu's Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory show that cosmic rays reaching Earth are slowly declining--a result of the yin-yang relationship between the solar cycle and cosmic rays.

Oulu Neutron Counts

Percentages of the Space Age average:
today: +1.8% Elevated
48-hr change: +1.1%
Max: +11.7% Very High
(12/2009)
Min: -32.1% Very Low (06/1991)
explanation | more data
Updated 25 Sep 2022 @ 0700 UT

Current Auroral Oval:
Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica
Credit: NOAA/Ovation
Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 0 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 2
quiet
explanation | more data
Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 3.48 nT
Bz: -0.54 nT south
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 1146 UT
Coronal Holes: 25 Sep 22

Solar wind flowing from this equatorial coronal hole should graze Earth's magnetic field on Oct 1-2.
Credit: SDO/AIA

Noctilucent Clouds
The summer season for northern noctilucent clouds has ended.
Switch view: Europe, USA, Asia, Polar
Updated Sep25
SPACE WEATHER
NOAA Forecasts
Updated at: 2022 Sep 25 2200 UTC
FLARE
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
CLASS M
40 %
40 %
CLASS X
10 %
10 %
Geomagnetic Storms:
Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at: 2022 Sep 25 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
15 %
25 %
MINOR
05 %
10 %
SEVERE
01 %
01 %
High latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
15 %
25 %
MINOR
15 %
20 %
SEVERE
20 %
15 %
 
Sunday, Sep. 25, 2022
What's up in space
       
 

Never miss another geomagnetic storm. Sign up for Space Weather Alerts and you'll receive a text message when magnetic storms erupt. Aurora tour guides and professional astronomers use this service. You can, too!

 

A CLOSE ENCOUNTER WITH JUPITER: Jupiter is about to have its closest encounter with Earth in 59 years. On Monday, Sept. 26th, the giant planet will be just 591 million kilometers away. Yes, that really is close. Look for Jupiter rising in the east at sunset shining four times brighter than Sirius, the brightest star in the sky. Through a backyard telescope it looks like this.

SPACEX JELLYFISH: Up and down the US east coast, people are reporting a comet-like object in the sunset sky. "I saw it from the riverfront in Wilmington, North Carolina," says Conrad Pope, who had to combine four side-by-side exposures to capture the entire phenomenon:

It was a SpaceX Jellyfish, created by the Saturday evening (7:32 pm EDT) launch of a Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral. Fifty-two new Starlink satellites were onboard. These formations appear almost every time SpaceX launches a new batch of Starlinks at dusk or dawn. Sunlight reaches up from below the horizon to illuminate the exhaust plume, making it extremely visible in the twilight sky.

more images: from Dr. Gilbert Plumer of Rockledge, Florida; from Kevin R Witman of Georgetown, Maryland; from Alessandro Magli of Belmont, Massachusetts; from Brent of Orlando, Florida

Realtime Starlink Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

A GIANT PROMINENCE AND THE ISS: For days, solar astronomers have been monitoring a behemoth prominence on the sun's southeastern limb. Eduardo Schaberger Poupeau was watching yesterday when the International Space Station (ISS) flew by:

"The huge prominence rising 100,000 km above the sun's surface was already a great spectacle," says Poupeau. "The addition of the ISS made it a special view indeed."

The ISS is gone now, and so is the prominence. It erupted during the late hours of Sept. 24th. SOHO coronagraphs show a CME emerging from the blast site. The storm cloud will not hit Earth. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text.

more images: from Alan Friedman of Buffalo, NY; from Mike Borman of Evansville, Indiana; from James Roger Samworth of Nailstone, UK; from Chris Schur of Payson, Arizona;

Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

ROSE QUARTZ HEART PENDANT: Take a heart shaped piece of rose quartz; wrap it in a sterling silver sunflower filigree; then launch it to space. That's how you make an Earth to Sky Rose Quartz Heart Pendant. Here's one flying 107,400 feet above Earth on Aug. 26th:

You can have it for $169.95. The students of Earth to Sky Calculus are selling space pendants to support their cosmic ray ballooning program. Each comes with a greeting card showing the pendant in flight and telling the story of its trip to the edge of space. All sales support STEM science.

Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education


Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

  All Sky Fireball Network
Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.

On Sep 24, 2022, the network reported 27 fireballs.
(27 sporadics)

In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies]

  Near Earth Asteroids
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.
On September 25, 2022 there were 2294 potentially hazardous asteroids.
Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:
Asteroid
Date(UT)
Miss Distance
Velocity (km/s)
Diameter (m)
2022 SC1
2022-Sep-20
14.3 LD
10.3
26
2022 SW1
2022-Sep-20
1.8 LD
10.1
10
2022 SH
2022-Sep-20
7.9 LD
7.6
11
2022 SA1
2022-Sep-21
18.8 LD
14.1
33
2022 SR2
2022-Sep-21
1.2 LD
21.7
9
2022 SK1
2022-Sep-22
7.1 LD
8.4
29
2022 SG3
2022-Sep-22
1.7 LD
10.8
14
2022 ST1
2022-Sep-22
4 LD
13.5
13
2022 SG
2022-Sep-22
7.3 LD
19.6
45
2022 QH8
2022-Sep-22
10.6 LD
15.3
52
2022 SW3
2022-Sep-23
7.3 LD
8.7
38
2022 QK36
2022-Sep-23
18.7 LD
3.7
22
2022 SD9
2022-Sep-23
0.6 LD
13.5
7
2022 SP
2022-Sep-24
9.2 LD
9.8
13
2022 SK
2022-Sep-24
18.1 LD
16.6
50
2022 RM
2022-Sep-25
14.2 LD
10
31
2022 SK6
2022-Sep-25
2.7 LD
3.9
11
2022 SL1
2022-Sep-25
9.3 LD
8
22
2022 SU1
2022-Sep-25
4 LD
14
16
2022 SE6
2022-Sep-26
4 LD
4.2
25
2022 SR4
2022-Sep-26
7.9 LD
11
24
2022 SY4
2022-Sep-26
2.4 LD
11.8
10
2022 SY2
2022-Sep-27
18.8 LD
12.8
46
2022 SZ2
2022-Sep-27
1.5 LD
3.6
10
2022 ST3
2022-Sep-27
18 LD
17.5
32
2022 SD4
2022-Sep-27
10.7 LD
9.8
18
2022 SP4
2022-Sep-27
15.6 LD
13.2
52
2022 SO4
2022-Sep-28
13.6 LD
11.5
27
2022 SP1
2022-Sep-28
19 LD
4.6
20
2022 ST7
2022-Sep-28
10.8 LD
5.2
30
2022 SZ
2022-Sep-28
13.7 LD
7.4
18
2022 SR1
2022-Sep-29
12.1 LD
6
25
2016 HF2
2022-Sep-29
19.2 LD
5.6
21
2022 SJ9
2022-Sep-29
3.2 LD
9.9
14
2022 SU7
2022-Sep-30
1.9 LD
4.9
7
2022 SB9
2022-Oct-01
5.2 LD
8.7
21
2018 ER1
2022-Oct-02
14.7 LD
4
27
2022 SC9
2022-Oct-03
13.3 LD
15.3
42
2018 VG
2022-Oct-05
18.5 LD
6.7
12
2021 TJ10
2022-Oct-06
19.6 LD
8.1
6
2013 TJ6
2022-Oct-07
11.7 LD
14.4
32
2022 RA5
2022-Oct-12
13.2 LD
5.1
38
2022 SG6
2022-Oct-13
15.7 LD
10.9
88
2013 SL20
2022-Oct-14
6.2 LD
12.1
45
2020 TO2
2022-Oct-15
1.4 LD
12.6
18
2020 BD
2022-Oct-16
12.1 LD
11.4
20
2022 QM6
2022-Oct-17
19.8 LD
4.2
69
2022 RB5
2022-Oct-22
13.1 LD
5.3
115
2005 AZ28
2022-Oct-24
11.5 LD
5.4
48
2016 TH94
2022-Oct-25
19.1 LD
13.5
43
2019 AN5
2022-Oct-27
20 LD
6.8
215
2004 UT1
2022-Oct-29
4 LD
6.3
17
2021 VH
2022-Nov-01
5.9 LD
5.3
4
2022 RM4
2022-Nov-01
6 LD
23.5
443
2020 WD
2022-Nov-08
3 LD
6
8
2019 XS
2022-Nov-10
16.7 LD
11.9
60
2019 VL5
2022-Nov-15
8.5 LD
8.1
24
2018 WH
2022-Nov-16
2.5 LD
7.7
4
2019 OR1
2022-Nov-21
18.1 LD
13.4
246
2005 LW3
2022-Nov-23
3 LD
13.5
168
Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU.
  Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere

SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 7 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.

Latest results (July 2022): Atmospheric radiation is decreasing in 2022. Our latest measurements in July 2022 registered a 6-year low:

What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down.

.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.

Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.

  Essential web links
NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center
  The official U.S. government space weather bureau
Atmospheric Optics
  The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena.
Solar Dynamics Observatory
  Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever.
STEREO
  3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
  Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO.
SolarMonitor.org
  information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary
Starlink Satellite Statistics
  current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page
The Aerospace Corporation
  Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries
Daily Sunspot Summaries
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
NOAA 27-Day Space Weather Forecasts
  fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong.
Aurora 30 min forecast
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
Live Aurora Webcam
  from Lights over Lapland
Heliophysics
  the underlying science of space weather

To get the best views of the cosmos, check out the Phoenix Window Glass Replacement experts for all your window and glass needs

To get an up close view of the heavenly bodies surrounding Earth, think about selling your junk car for cash and buying a high quality telescope.
Spaceweather.com welcomes these supporters of science communication: RV Sales and Arizona SEO and Arizona Business Directory and C8 Corvette | Phoenix Personal Injury Lawyer | Phoenix SEO
Going above and beyond to provide the best homes listings in Comox to keep you up to date and informed
NASA Near Earth Asteroid Home Page

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