 |
| |
Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica
Credit: NOAA/Ovation
Planetary K-index
Now: Kp=
2 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 3 quiet
explanation | more
data
Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 7.94 nT
Bz: -6.63 nT south
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 0350 UT
Coronal Holes: 28 Oct 22
Solar wind flowing from this coronal hole should reach Earth on Oct. 29-30. Credit: SDO/AIA
Noctilucent Clouds
The summer season for northern noctilucent clouds has ended; the southern season will begin in November.
Switch view: Europe, USA, Asia, Polar
Updated
Oct28
SPACE WEATHER
NOAA Forecasts |
|
Updated at: 2022 Oct 27 2200 UTC
FLARE |
0-24
hr |
24-48
hr |
CLASS M |
05
% |
05
% |
CLASS X |
01
% |
01
% |
Geomagnetic Storms:
Probabilities for significant
disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor
storm, severe
storm
Updated at: 2022 Oct 27 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
|
0-24
hr |
24-48
hr |
ACTIVE |
25
% |
40
% |
MINOR |
10
% |
25
% |
SEVERE |
01
% |
05
% |
High latitudes
|
0-24
hr |
24-48
hr |
ACTIVE |
15
% |
10
% |
MINOR |
25
% |
25
% |
SEVERE |
35
% |
60
% |
|
|
|
 |
|
|
|
| |
|
|
|
| |
Never miss another geomagnetic storm. Sign up for Space Weather Alerts and you'll receive a text message when magnetic storms erupt. Aurora tour guides and professional astronomers use this service. You can, too!
|
|
|
GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH (UPDATED): NOAA forecasters say there is a chance of G1-class geomagnetic storms on Oct. 29th and 30th when a stream of solar wind is expected to hit Earth's magnetic field. The gaseous material is flowing from a cheerful hole in the sun's atmosphere. High latitude sky watchers should be alert for auroras this weekend. Aurora alerts: SMS Text
STARLINK SATELLITE LAUNCH: Earth just got 53 more satellites. They blasted into space Thursday evening (Oct. 27th) onboard a Falcon 9 rocket launched from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. Gary Palmer photographed the contrail 500 miles away in Sedona, Arizona:
"Falcon 9 propellant is truly somewhere over the rainbow," says Palmer. "I took the picture using my iPhone 14PRO."
Streaking through the western sunset, the rocket carried 53 Starlink satellites to low Earth orbit. It was SpaceX's 49th launch of the year, bringing the total number of Starlinks in orbit to more than 3550. The growing megaconstellation is already providing internet service to customers around the world; in fact, today's edition of Spaceweather.com was uploaded via Starlink.
more images: from Marcus Prazniak of Tonopah, Nevada; from Doug Backlund of Ajo, Arizona; from Dan Gibbons of St. George Utah; from Andrew N of Glendale, Arizona; from John Dwyer of Green Valley, Arizona; from Thom Peck of Poway, California; from Richard Sears of Atwater, California;
Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter
ASTEROID DIMORPHOS ONE MONTH LATER: On Sept. 26th, NASA slammed the DART spacecaft into asteroid Dimorphos--a test of planetary defense technology that successfully altered the asteroid's orbit. Exactly one month later, amateur astronomer Eliot Herman photographed the aftermath:
"The debris tail still extends thousands of kilometers from the asteroid," says Herman. "The tail is much diminished from its maximum two weeks after impact, but it is still streaming away from the asteroid moonlet even 30 days later. The man-made mini-comet continues to amaze."
To take this picture, Herman used a remote-controlled telescope in Rio Hurtado Valley, Chile. Southern hemisphere telescopes have had the best view of the battered asteroid since the impact one month ago. That's about to change. On Oct. 22nd, Dimorphos crossed the celestial equator heading north. Northern astronomers can now use their own telescopes to monitor developments.
more images: from Bill Williams of the Chiefland Astro Village, Florida; from Andrea Aletti of Campo dei Fiori Mount, Varese, Italy
Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter
AMBER BUMBLEBEE SPACE PENDANT: Bumblebees don't usually fly so high. On Oct 15, 2022, the students of Earth to Sky Calculus launched this one to the stratosphere onboard a cosmic ray research balloon. Here it is floating 115,158 feet above California's Sierra Nevada:
You can have it for $159.95. This bee is made of genuine Baltic Amber with a sterling silver exoskeleton. The rich Cognac-colored pendant measures 3/4 inch and comes with a matching 18-inch sterling silver chain.
The students are selling these unique pendants to support their cosmic ray ballooning program. Each one comes with a greeting card showing the bumblebee in flight and telling the story of its trip to the stratosphere and back again.
Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education
Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter
Every night, a network
of NASA
all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United
States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software
maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office
calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth
in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics.
Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.
On Oct 27, 2022, the network reported 20 fireballs.
(14 sporadics, 4 southern Taurids, 2 Orionids)
In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue).
[Larger image] [movies]
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids ( PHAs)
are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that
can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the
known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet,
although astronomers are finding new
ones all the time.
On October 28, 2022 there were 2311 potentially hazardous asteroids.
 |
Recent
& Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:
| Asteroid |
Date(UT) |
Miss Distance |
Velocity (km/s) |
Diameter (m) |
| 2022 UQ7 |
2022-Oct-22 |
2.1 LD |
23 |
19 |
| 2022 UT |
2022-Oct-22 |
5.5 LD |
12.2 |
19 |
| 2022 RB5 |
2022-Oct-22 |
13.1 LD |
5.3 |
115 |
| 2022 UR10 |
2022-Oct-22 |
3.9 LD |
8.8 |
8 |
| 2022 UY5 |
2022-Oct-22 |
0.6 LD |
7.9 |
13 |
| 2022 UM11 |
2022-Oct-23 |
7.8 LD |
10.2 |
42 |
| 2022 UH9 |
2022-Oct-23 |
10.3 LD |
17.4 |
65 |
| 2022 UC2 |
2022-Oct-24 |
13.9 LD |
8.1 |
17 |
| 2022 UK9 |
2022-Oct-24 |
8.6 LD |
7 |
13 |
| 2022 UV10 |
2022-Oct-24 |
0.9 LD |
9.1 |
9 |
| 2022 UC7 |
2022-Oct-24 |
0.9 LD |
10 |
10 |
| 2022 UP11 |
2022-Oct-24 |
8.5 LD |
19.2 |
19 |
| 2022 UX10 |
2022-Oct-24 |
11 LD |
13.3 |
25 |
| 2022 UQ8 |
2022-Oct-24 |
11.4 LD |
1.2 |
8 |
| 2022 UV7 |
2022-Oct-24 |
0.6 LD |
12.6 |
5 |
| 2022 UD7 |
2022-Oct-24 |
3.3 LD |
14.4 |
24 |
| 2022 UH2 |
2022-Oct-24 |
5.7 LD |
11.9 |
11 |
| 2022 UC8 |
2022-Oct-24 |
1.3 LD |
9.7 |
9 |
| 2005 AZ28 |
2022-Oct-24 |
11.5 LD |
5.4 |
48 |
| 2022 UY1 |
2022-Oct-25 |
17.9 LD |
9.3 |
30 |
| 2022 UC3 |
2022-Oct-25 |
10 LD |
8.4 |
11 |
| 2022 US10 |
2022-Oct-25 |
3.4 LD |
13.9 |
19 |
| 2022 UU2 |
2022-Oct-25 |
2.7 LD |
12.7 |
12 |
| 2016 TH94 |
2022-Oct-25 |
19.1 LD |
13.5 |
43 |
| 2022 TY |
2022-Oct-25 |
15.1 LD |
5.1 |
21 |
| 2022 UF9 |
2022-Oct-26 |
2.8 LD |
6.5 |
9 |
| 2022 UL11 |
2022-Oct-26 |
1.2 LD |
8.9 |
5 |
| 2022 UV2 |
2022-Oct-26 |
1.5 LD |
5.8 |
8 |
| 2022 UU1 |
2022-Oct-26 |
10.8 LD |
7.2 |
21 |
| 2022 UV5 |
2022-Oct-26 |
11.2 LD |
7.1 |
26 |
| 2022 UV9 |
2022-Oct-26 |
2.6 LD |
16.4 |
10 |
| 2022 UF4 |
2022-Oct-27 |
11.7 LD |
13.2 |
45 |
| 2022 UB8 |
2022-Oct-27 |
2.2 LD |
19 |
12 |
| 2019 AN5 |
2022-Oct-27 |
20 LD |
6.8 |
215 |
| 2022 UA10 |
2022-Oct-27 |
12 LD |
8.1 |
62 |
| 2022 UT5 |
2022-Oct-28 |
7 LD |
9.4 |
20 |
| 2022 UM3 |
2022-Oct-28 |
8.7 LD |
7.5 |
12 |
| 2022 UD3 |
2022-Oct-28 |
8.4 LD |
6.5 |
21 |
| 2004 UT1 |
2022-Oct-29 |
3.9 LD |
6.4 |
17 |
| 2022 UW6 |
2022-Oct-30 |
11.4 LD |
4.1 |
29 |
| 2022 UU8 |
2022-Oct-30 |
1.5 LD |
4.5 |
10 |
| 2022 UR11 |
2022-Oct-30 |
4.7 LD |
12.8 |
10 |
| 2022 UU10 |
2022-Oct-30 |
6 LD |
4.3 |
10 |
| 2022 UT10 |
2022-Oct-30 |
4.9 LD |
4.5 |
16 |
| 2022 UU9 |
2022-Oct-30 |
6.1 LD |
12 |
11 |
| 2022 UD11 |
2022-Oct-30 |
10.5 LD |
15.8 |
43 |
| 2017 VD15 |
2022-Oct-31 |
14.1 LD |
5.3 |
25 |
| 2022 UW10 |
2022-Oct-31 |
4.4 LD |
6.7 |
22 |
| 2022 UO11 |
2022-Oct-31 |
11 LD |
8.7 |
18 |
| 2022 UF11 |
2022-Oct-31 |
2.6 LD |
7.9 |
8 |
| 2021 VH |
2022-Nov-01 |
5.9 LD |
5.3 |
4 |
| 2022 RM4 |
2022-Nov-01 |
6 LD |
23.5 |
443 |
| 2022 UZ5 |
2022-Nov-02 |
4.5 LD |
9.4 |
46 |
| 2022 UZ8 |
2022-Nov-03 |
12.8 LD |
10.4 |
22 |
| 2022 UN5 |
2022-Nov-04 |
14.7 LD |
8.2 |
32 |
| 2022 UB9 |
2022-Nov-04 |
16.4 LD |
6.5 |
18 |
| 2022 UL6 |
2022-Nov-04 |
17.6 LD |
4.4 |
39 |
| 2022 UK10 |
2022-Nov-05 |
15.4 LD |
11.8 |
27 |
| 2022 UO6 |
2022-Nov-06 |
11.5 LD |
11.5 |
37 |
| 2022 US6 |
2022-Nov-07 |
9.8 LD |
7.2 |
19 |
| 2022 UK5 |
2022-Nov-08 |
14.3 LD |
5.2 |
44 |
| 2020 WD |
2022-Nov-08 |
3 LD |
6 |
8 |
| 2022 UC5 |
2022-Nov-08 |
6 LD |
12.9 |
38 |
| 2019 XS |
2022-Nov-10 |
16.7 LD |
11.9 |
60 |
| 2020 FC4 |
2022-Nov-12 |
19.3 LD |
13.3 |
78 |
| 2022 UP2 |
2022-Nov-14 |
10.6 LD |
6 |
33 |
| 2019 VL5 |
2022-Nov-15 |
8.5 LD |
8.1 |
24 |
| 2018 WH |
2022-Nov-16 |
2.5 LD |
7.7 |
4 |
| 2019 OR1 |
2022-Nov-21 |
18.1 LD |
13.4 |
246 |
| 2005 LW3 |
2022-Nov-23 |
3 LD |
13.5 |
168 |
| 2010 VQ |
2022-Dec-02 |
11.9 LD |
3.9 |
10 |
| 2009 HV58 |
2022-Dec-02 |
12.3 LD |
28.8 |
427 |
| 2022 UT8 |
2022-Dec-02 |
11.5 LD |
4.3 |
65 |
| 2017 QL33 |
2022-Dec-03 |
16 LD |
6.9 |
195 |
| 2019 XY |
2022-Dec-10 |
3.6 LD |
12.9 |
9 |
| 2003 YS70 |
2022-Dec-13 |
10.4 LD |
4.1 |
5 |
| 2019 XQ1 |
2022-Dec-13 |
14.5 LD |
9.8 |
30 |
| 2018 XU3 |
2022-Dec-13 |
14.8 LD |
10.3 |
30 |
| 2021 XS4 |
2022-Dec-14 |
14.5 LD |
9.7 |
23 |
| 2015 RN35 |
2022-Dec-15 |
1.8 LD |
5.9 |
84 |
| 2016 YE |
2022-Dec-18 |
18.6 LD |
4.8 |
23 |
| 2014 HK129 |
2022-Dec-20 |
6.7 LD |
11.6 |
214 |
| 2017 XQ60 |
2022-Dec-21 |
18.8 LD |
16 |
45 |
| 2022 UD9 |
2022-Dec-22 |
4.6 LD |
10.3 |
151 |
| 2022 RD2 |
2022-Dec-22 |
13.9 LD |
1.1 |
7 |
| 2013 YA14 |
2022-Dec-25 |
2.7 LD |
10.5 |
68 |
Notes: LD means
"Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance
between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256
AU.
| |
Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere |
SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 7 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.
Latest results (July 2022): Atmospheric radiation is decreasing in 2022. Our latest measurements in July 2022 registered a 6-year low:
What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down.
.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.
Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.
| |
The
official U.S. government space weather bureau |
| |
The
first place to look for information about sundogs,
pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. |
| |
Researchers
call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO
is the most advanced solar observatory ever. |
| |
3D
views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial
Relations Observatory |
| |
Realtime
and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. |
| |
information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary |
| |
current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page |
| |
Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries |
| |
from
the NOAA Space Environment Center |
| |
fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong. |
| |
from the NOAA Space Environment Center |
| |
the
underlying science of space weather |
 |
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