Spotless Days Current Stretch: 0 days 2021 total: 59 days (21%) 2020 total: 208 days (57%) 2019 total: 281 days (77%) 2018 total: 221 days (61%) 2017 total: 104 days (28%) 2016 total: 32 days (9%) 2015 total: 0 days (0%) 2014 total: 1 day (<1%) 2013 total: 0 days (0%) 2012 total: 0 days (0%) 2011 total: 2 days (<1%) 2010 total: 51 days (14%) 2009 total: 260 days (71%) 2008 total: 268 days (73%) 2007 total: 152 days (42%) 2006 total: 70 days (19%) Updated 09 Oct 2021
Thermosphere Climate Index today: 5.76x1010W Cold Max: 49.4x1010 W Hot (10/1957) Min: 2.05x1010 W Cold (02/2009) explanation | more data:gfx, txt Updated 09 Oct 2021
Cosmic RaysSolar Cycle 25 is beginning, and this is reflected in the number of cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere. Neutron counts from the University of Oulu's Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory show that cosmic rays reaching Earth are slowly declining--a result of the yin-yang relationship between the solar cycle and cosmic rays. Oulu Neutron Counts Percentages of the Space Age average: today: +9.2% High 48-hr change: +0.5% Max: +11.7% Very High (12/2009) Min: -32.1% Very Low (06/1991) explanation |more data Updated 09 Oct 2021 @ 0700 UT
Planetary K-index Now: Kp= 0 quiet 24-hr max: Kp= 2 quiet explanation | more data
Interplanetary Mag. Field Btotal: 7.0 nT Bz: 2.8 nT north more data: ACE, DSCOVR Updated: Today at 2345 UT
Coronal Holes: 09 Oct 21
Solar wind flowing from this canyon-shaped coronal hole should reach Earth on Oct. 12th. Credit: SDO/AIA
Noctilucent CloudsThe northern hemisphere season for noctilucent clouds appears to be over. NASA's AIM spacecraft detected no evidence of NLCs around the north pole on Aug. 29th.
Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at: 2021 Oct 09 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
15 %
35 %
MINOR
01 %
30 %
SEVERE
01 %
10 %
High latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
15 %
05 %
MINOR
25 %
20 %
SEVERE
20 %
70 %
Saturday, Oct. 9, 2021
What's up in space
Never miss another geomagnetic storm. Sign up for Space Weather Alerts and you'll receive a text message when auroras appear. Aurora tour guides and professional astronomers use this service. Now you can, too!
SUNSET PLANET SHOW: When the sun goes down tonight, step outside and look southwest. The crescent Moon is passing by Venus in the twilight sky. Binoculars pointed at Venus will reveal the 2nd magnitude star delta Scorpii just ¾° away. It's a great way to end the day: sky map.
EARTH-DIRECTED SOLAR FLARE AND CME: Restless sunspot AR2882 erupted this morning, Oct. 9th (0640 UT), producing a strong M1.6-class solar flare and an Earth-directed CME. NASA's Solar Dynamics captured the extreme ultraviolet flash:
Radiation from the flare ionized the top of Earth's atmosphere. This, in turn, caused a shortwave radio blackout over the Indian Ocean: blackout map. Aviators, ham radio operators, and ships at sea may have noticed strange propagation effects at frequencies below 25 MHz.
New images from SOHO confirm that the explosion hurled a CME almost directly toward Earth. This is called a "halo CME" because it appears to completely surround the sun:
The storm cloud will probably reach Earth late on Oct. 11th or Oct. 12th, potentially sparking G1 to G2-class geomagnetic storms. A better estimate of the CME's arrival time may emerge from NOAA computer modeling, underway now. Stay tuned for updates. Solar flare alerts:SMS Text.
STERLING SILVER INFINITY PEARL: Nothing says "I love you forever" like the Infinity Pearl. On Jan. 10, 2021, the students of Earth to Sky Calculus launched this unique pendant to the stratosphere onboard a cosmic ray research balloon. For more than 2 hours it floated 101,378+ feet above the Sierra Nevada mountains of central California:
You can have it for $249.95. The students are selling space pearls to support their cosmic ray ballooning program. Measuring 9 mm in diameter, the Infinity Pearl is mounted on a sterling silver infinity twist and suspended from a matching 17 inch long sterling silver chain. Each one comes with a greeting card showing the pendant in flight and telling the story of its journey to the edge of space.
Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.
On Oct 09, 2021, the network reported 23 fireballs. (22 sporadics, 1 lambda Draconid)
In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies]
Near Earth Asteroids
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.
On October 9, 2021 there were 2222 potentially hazardous asteroids.
Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.
Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere
SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 6 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.
Latest results: Our most recent flight on June 25, 2021, confirms a trend of decreasing cosmic radiation:
Cosmic ray dose rates peaked in late 2019, and have been slowly declining ever since. This makes perfect sense. Solar Minimum was in late 2019. During Solar Minimum the sun's magnetic field weakens, allowing more cosmic rays into the solar system. We expect dose rate to be highest at that time.
Now that Solar Minimum has passed, the sun is waking up again. Solar magnetic fields are strengthening, providing a stiffer barrier to cosmic rays trying to enter the solar system. The decline of cosmic radiation above California is a sign that new Solar Cycle 25 is gaining strength.
.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can seed clouds, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. Somewhat more controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) llink cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.
En route to the stratosphere, our sensors also pass through aviation altitudes:
In this plot, dose rates are expessed as multiples of sea level. For instance, we see that boarding a plane that flies at 25,000 feet exposes passengers to dose rates ~10x higher than sea level. At 40,000 feet, the multiplier is closer to 50x. The higher you fly, the more radiation you will absorb.
Technical notes:
The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.
Data points in the first graph ("Stratospheric Radiation") correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.
In regards to YouTube, it's best to buy real Youtube subscribers from companies like BRSM.IO and not fake subscribers!
One of the most popular casino games is the Book Of Dead Slot based on ancient Egyptian text, you can find all the casinos with spins at bookofdeadslotsites.com.
Strange but true: Online casinos support science education
When looking for casinos to play online when the weather is bad, you can try luotettavat nettikasinot for Finnish games. If you are not from Finland you can try the Swedish page Svenska casino online to find suitable games, check out svenskacasinoonline.net. Always check your local laws before playing with real money.
Finns rank fourth among the world’s biggest gamblers. More on Finnish online casinos you can find at Nettikasino site.
To find reviews of new online casino sites in the UK try The Casino DB where there are hundreds of online casino reviews complete with bonuses and ratings. Alternatively, Online-Casinos.xyz is another massive directory of online casinos listing sites for the UK and Worldwide.
Casinos that offer Rupees for bonuses are very generous to Indian players. Find the best online casinos in India at AllCasinos.in
Looking for a new online casino? Try Casimpo the new site dedicated to making online casino simple, or check out the new Avenger Slots Casino and Ace Online Casino with over 500 online slots and casino games.
These links help Spaceweather.com stay online. Thank you to our supporters!
* If you are looking for a marketing website design, consider hiring Ramotion design agency
Buzz Voice is the best site to buy instagram likes from
* If you are Canadian and looking for some of the best online casinos, then check out Onlinecasinos.net. They list and review gambling sites from Canada
* Buy Adult and Kids Animal Kirugumi Pajamas at QualityOnesie.com. Get Best Adult Onesies With Discounted Prices.
Bist Du auf der Suche nach einem Beste online Casino in Deutschland? SchweinGehabt.de möchte Dir dabei helfen! Mehrjährige Erfahrungen in diesem Bereich als Dealer und professioneller Spieler stehen Dir zur Verfügung