| | Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica Credit: NOAA/Ovation Planetary K-index Now: Kp= 3 quiet 24-hr max: Kp= 4 unsettled explanation | more data Interplanetary Mag. Field Btotal: 5.82 nT Bz: 1.39 nT north more data: ACE, DSCOVR Updated: Today at 1146 UT Coronal Holes: 08 Sep 22 There are no significant coronal holes on the Earthside of the sun. Credit: SDO/AIA Noctilucent Clouds Noctilucent cloud season is underway--but also nearing its end. AIM images show the polar ring of NLCs is contracting as northern summer winds down. Switch view: Europe, USA, Asia, Polar Updated Sep08 SPACE WEATHER NOAA Forecasts | | Updated at: 2022 Sep 08 2200 UTC FLARE | 0-24 hr | 24-48 hr | CLASS M | 05 % | 05 % | CLASS X | 01 % | 01 % | Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm Updated at: 2022 Sep 08 2200 UTC Mid-latitudes | 0-24 hr | 24-48 hr | ACTIVE | 20 % | 20 % | MINOR | 05 % | 05 % | SEVERE | 01 % | 01 % | High latitudes | 0-24 hr | 24-48 hr | ACTIVE | 20 % | 20 % | MINOR | 20 % | 20 % | SEVERE | 10 % | 10 % | | | | | | | | | | | | Never miss another geomagnetic storm. Sign up for Space Weather Alerts and you'll receive a text message when magnetic storms erupt. Aurora tour guides and professional astronomers use this service. You can, too! | | | QUIET SUN: Today, solar activity is low. The solar disk is peppered with sunspots, but all of them have stable magnetic fields unlikely to explode. NOAA forecasters say there is a 5% chance of M-class flares and no more than a 1% chance of X-flares on Sept. 8th. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text. WHAT HEAT WAVES DO TO THE SUNSET: A record-breaking heat wave is smothering California this week. In some cities around the San Francisco Bay, daily records have been shattered by more than 10 degrees. It's even affecting the sunset: "The sun split in two," says Mila Zinkova, who photographed the phenomenon just as a flock of cormorants flew by. It was Sept. 5th, one of the hottest September days ever on the beach in San Francisco. San Francisco sunsets are often strange ("No two are ever the same," says Zinkova), but the heatwave may be amplifying the effect. Record-hot air (90 F) sitting on top of cool ocean water (60 F) creates unusually intense temperature gradients. When the sun passes behind the mix of hot and cold, the solar disk is naturally distorted. In Zinkova's picture we see evidence of two thermal ducts trapping the sun's rays in relatively narrow layers. "The mirages were different in these two ducts," says Zinkova. "In the upper duct, the solar disk looked like a rectangle; in the lower duct it was more like a stack of pancakes." The complete sunset may be seen on Zinkova's youtube channel. Realtime Sunset Photo Gallery Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter A PEARL FROM THE STRATOSPHERE: On Aug. 19th, the students of Earth to Sky Calculus launched a cosmic ray balloon to the edge of space, 104,002 ft high. This sterling silver pearl necklace went along for the ride: You can have it for $169.95. The students are selling these pearls to support their cosmic ray ballooning program. Each cultured "space pearl" comes with greeting card showing the necklace in flight and telling the story of its journey to the edge of space and back again. These make great birthday and Christmas gifts. Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store All sales support hands-on STEM education Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com. On Sep 06, 2022, the network reported 10 fireballs. (9 sporadics, 1 Sept. epsilon Perseid) In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies] Potentially Hazardous Asteroids ( PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time. On September 8, 2022 there were 2292 potentially hazardous asteroids. | Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters: Asteroid | Date(UT) | Miss Distance | Velocity (km/s) | Diameter (m) | 2022 RD2 | 2022-Sep-03 | 8.4 LD | 0.8 | 6 | 2022 QO31 | 2022-Sep-03 | 13.9 LD | 8.4 | 50 | 2022 RB2 | 2022-Sep-03 | 0.7 LD | 13 | 11 | 2022 RK | 2022-Sep-04 | 9.4 LD | 7.8 | 22 | 2022 QJ7 | 2022-Sep-05 | 14.8 LD | 12 | 26 | 2022 QU5 | 2022-Sep-05 | 19.2 LD | 7.1 | 31 | 2022 RW | 2022-Sep-05 | 2.9 LD | 11.2 | 73 | 2022 QC7 | 2022-Sep-06 | 12.2 LD | 9.1 | 22 | 2022 QR31 | 2022-Sep-06 | 19.9 LD | 11.3 | 54 | 2022 RR1 | 2022-Sep-07 | 1.9 LD | 8.2 | 17 | 2022 QB22 | 2022-Sep-09 | 14.2 LD | 17.5 | 59 | 2022 QF2 | 2022-Sep-11 | 19.1 LD | 8.4 | 44 | 2022 RE | 2022-Sep-11 | 6 LD | 12.3 | 22 | 2022 RJ2 | 2022-Sep-12 | 3 LD | 15.9 | 14 | 2008 RW | 2022-Sep-12 | 17.5 LD | 10.2 | 98 | 2022 RQ | 2022-Sep-13 | 9.8 LD | 13.8 | 27 | 2020 UR1 | 2022-Sep-14 | 19.7 LD | 6.2 | 27 | 2022 RJ1 | 2022-Sep-15 | 19.7 LD | 3.3 | 19 | 2020 PT4 | 2022-Sep-15 | 18.8 LD | 10.8 | 39 | 2022 QD1 | 2022-Sep-16 | 19.5 LD | 9.5 | 74 | 2005 RX3 | 2022-Sep-18 | 12.4 LD | 17.5 | 123 | 2022 QB37 | 2022-Sep-18 | 17.2 LD | 9.2 | 56 | 2022 QJ50 | 2022-Sep-19 | 11 LD | 10.2 | 34 | 2022 QH8 | 2022-Sep-22 | 10.6 LD | 15.3 | 54 | 2022 QK36 | 2022-Sep-23 | 18.7 LD | 3.7 | 22 | 2022 RM | 2022-Sep-25 | 14.2 LD | 10 | 32 | 2016 HF2 | 2022-Sep-29 | 19.2 LD | 5.6 | 21 | 2018 ER1 | 2022-Oct-02 | 14.7 LD | 4 | 27 | 2018 VG | 2022-Oct-05 | 18.5 LD | 6.7 | 12 | 2021 TJ10 | 2022-Oct-06 | 19.6 LD | 8.1 | 6 | 2006 SG7 | 2022-Oct-07 | 16.7 LD | 18.4 | 93 | 2013 TJ6 | 2022-Oct-07 | 11.7 LD | 14.4 | 32 | 2013 SL20 | 2022-Oct-14 | 6.2 LD | 12.1 | 45 | 2020 TO2 | 2022-Oct-15 | 1.4 LD | 12.6 | 18 | 2020 BD | 2022-Oct-16 | 12.1 LD | 11.4 | 20 | 2022 QM6 | 2022-Oct-17 | 19.8 LD | 4.2 | 69 | 2016 TH94 | 2022-Oct-25 | 19.1 LD | 13.5 | 43 | 2019 AN5 | 2022-Oct-27 | 20 LD | 6.8 | 213 | 2004 UT1 | 2022-Oct-29 | 4 LD | 6.3 | 17 | 2021 VH | 2022-Nov-01 | 5.9 LD | 5.3 | 4 | Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. | Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere | SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 7 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements. Latest results (July 2022): Atmospheric radiation is decreasing in 2022. Our latest measurements in July 2022 registered a 6-year low: What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down. .Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners. Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today. | The official U.S. government space weather bureau | | The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. | | Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever. | | 3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory | | Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. | | information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary | | current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page | | Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries | | from the NOAA Space Environment Center | | fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong. | | from the NOAA Space Environment Center | | the underlying science of space weather | | BestCSGOGambling is the best site for everything related to CSGO gambling on the web | | To find reviews of new online casino sites in the UK try The Casino DB where there are hundreds of online casino reviews complete with bonuses and ratings. 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