Solar wind
speed: 418.9 km/sec
density: 0.17 protons/cm3
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 0227 UT
X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: C5
1002 UT Mar27
24-hr: A1
0000 UT Jan01
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at: 1430 UT
Daily Sun: 27 Mar 26
Expand: labels | no labels
New sunspots are emerging at the circled locations, bringing the number of sunspot groups on the solar disk to at least 10. Credit: NASA/SDO

Sunspot number: 113
What is the sunspot number?
Updated 27 Mar 2026
Current Auroral Oval:
Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica
Credit: NOAA/Ovation
Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 1.67 quiet
24-hr max: Kp= 3.33
quiet
explanation | more data
Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 4.47 nT
Bz: -3.19 nT south
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 0227 UT
Coronal Holes: 27 Mar 26

Solar wind flowing from these coronal holes should reach Earth on March 29th.
Credit: NASA/SDO | more data

Spotless Days
Current Stretch: 0 days
2026 total: 3 days (4%)
2025 total: 0 days (0%)
2024 total: 0 days (0%)
2023 total: 0 days (0%)
2022 total: 1 day (<1%)
2021 total: 64 days (18%)
2020 total: 208 days (57%)
2019 total: 281 days (77%)
2018 total: 221 days (61%)
2017 total: 104 days (28%)
2016 total: 32 days (9%)
2015 total: 0 days (0%)
2014 total: 1 day (<1%)
2013 total: 0 days (0%)
2012 total: 0 days (0%)
2011 total: 2 days (<1%)
2010 total: 51 days (14%)
2009 total: 260 days (71%)
2008 total: 268 days (73%)
2007 total: 152 days (42%)
2006 total: 70 days (19%)

Updated 25 Mar 2026


Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 18.15x1010 W Warm
Max: 49.4
x1010 W Hot (10/1957)
Min: 2.05
x1010 W Cold (02/2009)
explanation | more data: gfx, txt
Updated 25 Mar 2026

The Radio Sun
10.7 cm flux: 128 sfu
explanation | more data
Updated 25 Mar 2026

Cosmic Rays Solar Cycle 25 is near its peak, and this is reflected in the number of cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere. Neutron counts from the University of Oulu's Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory show that cosmic rays reaching Earth are slowly declining--a result of the yin-yang relationship between the solar cycle and cosmic rays.

Oulu Neutron Counts

Percentages of the Space Age average:
today: -7.2% Low
48-hr change: -0.2%
Max: +11.7% Very High
(12/2009)
Min: -32.1% Very Low (06/1991)
explanation | more data
Updated 24 Mar 2026 @ 0700 UT


SPACE WEATHER
NOAA Forecasts
Updated at: 2026 Mar 26 2200 UTC
FLARE
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
CLASS M
40 %
40 %
CLASS X
05 %
05 %
Geomagnetic Storms:
Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at: 2026 Mar 26 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
20 %
10 %
MINOR
05 %
01 %
SEVERE
01 %
01 %
High latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
15 %
15 %
MINOR
25 %
20 %
SEVERE
25 %
20 %
 
Friday, Mar. 27, 2026
What's up in space
       
 

This is an AI Free Zone: Text created by Large Language Models is spreading across the Internet. It's well-written, but frequently inaccurate. If you find a mistake on Spaceweather.com, rest assured it was made by a real human being.

 

TEN SUNSPOT GROUPS: Suddenly, the solar disk is peppered with sunspots. Including three new dark cores emerging over the eastern limb, there are at least 10 sunspot groups on the Earthside of the sun. This naturally increases the odds of geoeffective flares. Solar flare alerts: SMS Text

HAPPY 30TH, COMET HYAKUTAKE: One of the biggest surprises in modern astronomy happened 30 years ago. On Jan. 30, 1996, Japanese amateur astronomer Yuji Hyakutake spotted a faint fuzzball through binoculars. Within weeks, "Comet Hyakutake" became a worldwide sensation as it passed just 0.1 AU from Earth.

Alan Dyer was one of many who photographed it on March 25, 1996--the night of closest approach:

"I reprocessed this image in 2026 to mark the 30th anniversary," says Dyer. "The comet's tail was at its greatest length and showed a strong 'disconnection event' caused by solar activity."

Hyakutake’s electric-blue ion tail stretched across as much as 90 degrees of sky, rippling with solar wind disturbances. For many observers, it was the first time a comet looked truly alive and dynamic. Nightly changes were visible to ordinary people simply looking up from their own backyards.

Comet Hyakutake arrived without much warning, peaked quickly, and faded almost as fast. Thirty years later, veterans still speak of it in reverent tones.

The next Great Comet could appear with as little warning. The Oort cloud contains an enormous reservoir of fresh comets, and a steady trickle of them enters the inner solar system each year. It only takes one big one to turn a faint fuzzball into a sky-spanning spectacle.

Happy 30th, Comet Hyakutake!

more images: from Doug C. Zubenel of Carroll County, Missouri

Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

A FAR-OUT GIFT FOR MOM: Mother's Day is coming. Are you looking for a far-out gift? Here it is. This butterfly floated to the stratosphere onboard a cosmic ray research balloon on Jan. 15, 2026:

You can have it for $91.95. The acrylic butterfly is a love note: "To my beautiful Mom, never forget that I love you," the inscription says. It's a durable tribute to any loving mom.

Do you love science? Shop the Earth to Sky Store. Every item in the store has been to the edge of space, floating above 99.7% of Earth's atmosphere, experiencing cosmic rays, extreme cold, and a wild ride parachuting back to Earth. All sales support student research and STEM education.

Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education


Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter


Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

  All Sky Fireball Network
Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.

On March 26, 2026, the network reported 8 fireballs.
(8 sporadics)

In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies]

  Near Earth Asteroids
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.
On March 27, 2026 there were 2349 potentially hazardous asteroids.
Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:
Asteroid
Date(UT)
Miss Distance
Velocity (km/s)
Diameter (m)
2026 FV2
2026-Mar-21
4.5 LD
3.8
8
2026 FE5
2026-Mar-21
8.4 LD
14.6
46
2026 FA5
2026-Mar-21
10.7 LD
9.5
14
2026 FO3
2026-Mar-21
0.9 LD
5.6
3
2026 FK2
2026-Mar-21
5 LD
14.2
13
2026 FW2
2026-Mar-21
0.6 LD
16.2
5
2026 FD5
2026-Mar-21
8 LD
11.2
16
2026 FN2
2026-Mar-21
4.3 LD
12.2
16
2026 FD1
2026-Mar-21
2.7 LD
4.5
7
2026 FS
2026-Mar-21
2.1 LD
15.4
28
2026 FJ3
2026-Mar-21
10.3 LD
14
18
2026 FY2
2026-Mar-21
10.3 LD
10.4
24
2010 RA91
2026-Mar-22
4.7 LD
9.9
68
2026 FH3
2026-Mar-22
10.3 LD
14.1
21
2026 ER3
2026-Mar-22
18.3 LD
10.2
27
2026 EE3
2026-Mar-22
10.2 LD
10.2
22
2026 FS5
2026-Mar-22
0.1 LD
10.8
2
2026 FU
2026-Mar-22
1.5 LD
4.4
10
2026 FZ4
2026-Mar-22
1.2 LD
13.8
3
2026 FK
2026-Mar-22
6.9 LD
15.4
16
2026 FU3
2026-Mar-23
3.1 LD
10.1
10
2026 FQ1
2026-Mar-23
17.8 LD
5.5
15
2026 FC5
2026-Mar-23
4.8 LD
16.4
21
2026 FL3
2026-Mar-23
4.6 LD
4.4
9
2026 FO4
2026-Mar-23
9.6 LD
12.3
17
2022 FY
2026-Mar-23
10.2 LD
6.5
9
2026 FQ5
2026-Mar-24
2.3 LD
10.6
11
2026 FQ2
2026-Mar-24
6.3 LD
10.4
12
2026 FX3
2026-Mar-24
3 LD
9.7
22
2026 FG3
2026-Mar-24
8.1 LD
21.6
29
2026 FT2
2026-Mar-24
4.1 LD
8.2
16
2026 FN5
2026-Mar-24
1 LD
11.9
16
2026 FM3
2026-Mar-25
0.6 LD
5.4
5
2026 EP3
2026-Mar-25
8.2 LD
8.2
23
2026 FG4
2026-Mar-25
4.7 LD
10.9
7
2025 SP20
2026-Mar-25
18.8 LD
11
12
2026 FB5
2026-Mar-25
1.3 LD
10.3
7
2026 FB3
2026-Mar-26
7.4 LD
13.1
17
2026 FB4
2026-Mar-26
1.7 LD
10.4
9
2026 FA3
2026-Mar-27
7.5 LD
13.8
17
2026 FR2
2026-Mar-28
18.1 LD
11.6
26
2026 FX5
2026-Mar-28
7.7 LD
12.2
15
2026 FL4
2026-Mar-28
4.9 LD
19.3
14
2026 FU2
2026-Mar-28
2.4 LD
13.2
11
2026 FF6
2026-Mar-29
7.7 LD
19.8
34
2026 FN1
2026-Mar-30
8.5 LD
9.9
18
2026 FA4
2026-Mar-30
16.3 LD
11.6
21
2026 FV3
2026-Mar-31
10.9 LD
11.1
23
2026 FJ
2026-Mar-31
7.7 LD
2.2
11
2026 FV5
2026-Apr-01
11.7 LD
5.6
12
2026 FD4
2026-Apr-02
8 LD
6
10
2026 FR4
2026-Apr-02
14 LD
6.8
12
2025 GL
2026-Apr-03
9.8 LD
6.4
5
2019 FQ1
2026-Apr-03
9.6 LD
10.1
13
2023 DZ2
2026-Apr-04
2.6 LD
7.2
49
2026 FG5
2026-Apr-04
8.6 LD
25
34
2026 FB6
2026-Apr-04
12.6 LD
6.8
9
2021 GN6
2026-Apr-06
5.8 LD
7
14
2011 FT9
2026-Apr-07
3.4 LD
5.9
20
2024 TB7
2026-Apr-07
4.9 LD
7.5
5
2002 TB70
2026-Apr-07
13.4 LD
9.2
164
2022 GE2
2026-Apr-10
12 LD
9.2
15
2023 HB4
2026-Apr-12
16.8 LD
8.7
15
2013 GM3
2026-Apr-14
0.7 LD
7.4
20
2026 AC4
2026-Apr-20
10.7 LD
1.2
22
2022 UG2
2026-Apr-20
16.3 LD
10.3
13
2025 HQ4
2026-Apr-21
16.4 LD
12.5
22
2026 BK2
2026-Apr-22
10 LD
8.1
219
2022 UU8
2026-Apr-25
8.7 LD
4
9
2020 GE3
2026-May-09
11.1 LD
6
21
2023 VR5
2026-May-16
7.5 LD
2.3
10
2025 KR4
2026-May-18
15.2 LD
5.9
22
2023 KH4
2026-May-24
5.5 LD
7.9
14
2023 KZ1
2026-May-24
9 LD
13.4
20
Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU.
  Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere

SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 10 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.

Latest results (Nov. 2024): Atmospheric radiation is sharply decreasing in 2024. Our latest measurements in November registered a 10-year low:

What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down.

.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.

Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.

  Essential web links
NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center
  The official U.S. government space weather bureau
Atmospheric Optics
  The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena.
Solar Dynamics Observatory
  Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever.
STEREO
  3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
  Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO.
SolarMonitor.org
  information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary
Starlink Satellite Statistics
  current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page. See also, all satellite statistics.
The Aerospace Corporation
  Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries
Daily Sunspot Summaries
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
NOAA 27-Day Space Weather Forecasts
  fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong.
Aurora 30 min forecast
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
Live Aurora Webcam
  from Lights over Lapland
Heliophysics
  the underlying science of space weather

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NASA Near Earth Asteroid Home Page
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T CrB NOVA WATCH
today: m=9.9 (Mar 27.4)
yesterday: m=9.9

AAVSO data: #1, #2.

Explanation: When the nova explodes, the visual magnitude of the star will jump from +10 (invisible to the naked eye) to +2 (about as bright as the North Star).


Starlink Statistics
Total Launched: 11,641
In orbit:
10,126
histogram
Updated: 26 Mar 2026

Starlink Re-entries (2026)
January:
24
February:
54
March:
36 so far
Updated: 26 Mar 2026

Starlink Re-entries (yearly)
2020 total:
46
2021 total:
78
2022 total:
100
2023 total:
88
2024 total:
308
2025 total:
657
2026 total:
114 so far

Updated: 26 Mar 2026


Data sources: #1, #2, #3



space weather alerts



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