| | Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica Credit: NOAA/Ovation Planetary K-index Now: Kp= 2 quiet 24-hr max: Kp= 3 quiet explanation | more data Interplanetary Mag. Field Btotal: 6.81 nT Bz: -4.15 nT south more data: ACE, DSCOVR Updated: Today at 1146 UT Coronal Holes: 22 Jul 22 Solar wind flowing from this double coronal hole could reach Earth on July 22-23. Credit: SDO/AIA Noctilucent Clouds Noctilucent cloud season is underway. The clouds are currently spreading as far south as +45N (Oregon). Switch view: Europe, USA, Asia, Polar Updated Jul21 SPACE WEATHER NOAA Forecasts | | Updated at: 2022 Jul 22 2200 UTC FLARE | 0-24 hr | 24-48 hr | CLASS M | 10 % | 10 % | CLASS X | 01 % | 01 % | Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm Updated at: 2022 Jul 22 2200 UTC Mid-latitudes | 0-24 hr | 24-48 hr | ACTIVE | 30 % | 30 % | MINOR | 35 % | 10 % | SEVERE | 25 % | 01 % | High latitudes | 0-24 hr | 24-48 hr | ACTIVE | 05 % | 15 % | MINOR | 15 % | 30 % | SEVERE | 79 % | 40 % | | | | | | | | | | | | Never miss another geomagnetic storm. Sign up for Space Weather Alerts and you'll receive a text message when magnetic storms erupt. Aurora your guides and professional astronomers use this service. You can, too! | | | GEOMAGNETIC STORM WARNING: Geomagnetic storms are possible on July 23rd when a full-halo CME is expected to hit Earth's magnetic field. The storm cloud was hurled toward Earth yesterday by a solar tsunami eruption. NOAA forecasters say that G1- to G2-class (minor to moderate) storms are likely with a slight chance of escalating to category G3 (strong). At what time will the CME hit? This NASA model of the approaching cloud pinpoints the impact within a few hours around 0000 UT on July 23rd: In the animation, Earth is marked by a yellow dot. Note that Mars, a red dot, also gets hit--a glancing blow on July 25th. An independent NOAA model of the CME predicts a slightly later arrival, with the densest part of the storm cloud reaching Earth around 0400 UT on July 23rd. Either way, NOAA or NASA, the timing favors sky watchers in western Europe and North America. In the most optimistic case of a G3-category storm, auroras could descend as far south as Illinois and Oregon (geomagnetic latitude 50 degrees) during the night of July 22-23. Aurora alerts: SMS Text. Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter NOCTILUCENT ALGAE: Two nights ago, Ruslan Merzlakov of Nykøbing Mors, Denmark, went outside looking for noctilucent clouds. Instead he found noctilucent algae. The tiny dinoflagellates were glowing blue at midnight, a phenomenon known as "bioluminescence." "It was an amazing experience playing with these algae in the waters of Limfjord," says Merzlakov. "I have never before seen them so bright in Denmark." Bioluminescent algae tend to be brightest during summer months. It's no coincidence that they are extra-bright this week. Europe is experiencing an extreme summer heat wave. "The daytime temperature was +30C, and that night it was +23C," says Merzlakov. "For comparison, our typical nighttime temperature at this time of year is only +15C." Like algae, noctilucent clouds (NLCs) are also brightest during summer months. NLCs form when wisps of water vapor rise up to the edge of space and crystallize around disintegrated meteoroids. The electric-blue color of NLCs is strikingly similar to that of the algae, although the physics and chemistry are entirely different. All we need now is a picture of noctilucent algae and noctilucent clouds at the same time. European photographers, you know what to do. Realtime Noctilucent Cloud Photo Gallery Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter STERLING SILVER DRAGONFLY: Are you looking for a far-out gift? Consider the Sterling Silver Dragonfly. This winged pendant hitched a ride onboard an Earth to Sky Calculus cosmic ray balloon, flying 113,451 feet above the Sierra Nevada mountains of California: You can have it for $172.95. The dragonfly's heart is a Celtic love knot, and its wings are decorated with blue marquise crystals--all plated with 14k white gold. It's an exquisite ensemble for birthdays, anniversaries or any other romantic occasion. The students are selling dragonfly pendants to support their cosmic ray ballooning program. Each one comes with a greeting card showing the pendant in flight and telling the story of its trip to the stratosphere and back again. Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store All sales support hands-on STEM education Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery Free: Spaceweather.com Newsletter Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com. On July 22, 2022, the network reported 22 fireballs. (22 sporadics) In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies] Potentially Hazardous Asteroids ( PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time. On July 22, 2022 there were 2283 potentially hazardous asteroids. | Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters: Asteroid | Date(UT) | Miss Distance | Velocity (km/s) | Diameter (m) | 2022 OF | 2022-Jul-17 | 3 LD | 12.5 | 20 | 2022 KY4 | 2022-Jul-17 | 15.9 LD | 7.6 | 91 | 2021 OT | 2022-Jul-17 | 16.5 LD | 11.2 | 20 | 2022 OD | 2022-Jul-19 | 2 LD | 12.7 | 30 | 349068 | 2022-Jul-19 | 17.6 LD | 22.9 | 756 | 2022 OG | 2022-Jul-23 | 6 LD | 13 | 26 | 2017 RX2 | 2022-Jul-24 | 17.2 LD | 14.2 | 17 | 2022 NV1 | 2022-Jul-24 | 13 LD | 8.1 | 52 | 2022 OA | 2022-Jul-25 | 5 LD | 10.5 | 47 | 2022 ML3 | 2022-Jul-26 | 7.6 LD | 1.5 | 13 | 2022 NU1 | 2022-Jul-29 | 12.3 LD | 8.3 | 44 | 2016 CZ31 | 2022-Jul-29 | 7.3 LD | 15.5 | 129 | 531944 | 2022-Jul-30 | 18.2 LD | 5.9 | 192 | 2020 PP1 | 2022-Aug-01 | 13.1 LD | 3.7 | 17 | 2020 PN1 | 2022-Aug-03 | 9.7 LD | 4.6 | 29 | 2015 FF | 2022-Aug-12 | 11.2 LD | 9.2 | 17 | 2019 AV13 | 2022-Aug-22 | 19.1 LD | 8.8 | 135 | 2020 QW3 | 2022-Aug-22 | 14.1 LD | 18.1 | 30 | 2015 QH3 | 2022-Aug-22 | 5.6 LD | 7 | 14 | 2017 BU | 2022-Aug-29 | 15.8 LD | 7 | 32 | 2021 CQ5 | 2022-Sep-01 | 8.7 LD | 13.5 | 7 | 2020 PT4 | 2022-Sep-15 | 19.7 LD | 10.8 | 39 | Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach. | Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere | SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 7 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements. Latest results (Nov. 2021): Our balloons have just measured a sudden drop in atmospheric radiation. It happened during the strong geomagnetic storms of Nov. 3-4, 2021. Here are the data: This is called a "Forbush decrease," named after American physicist Scott Forbush who studied cosmic rays in the early 20th century. It happens when a CME from the sun sweeps past Earth and literally pushes cosmic rays away from our planet. Radiation from deep space that would normally pepper Earth's upper atmosphere is briefly wiped out. We have measured Forbush decreases before. For example, here's one from Sept. 2014. The Forbush Decrease of Nov. 3-4, 2021, was the deepest in the history of our 7-year atmospheric monitoring program. Radiation levels in the stratosphere over California dropped nearly 20%, more than doubling the previous record from our dataset. En route to the stratosphere, our sensors also pass through aviation altitudes, so we can sample radiation where planes fly. This plot shows how the Forbush decrease was restricted to the stratosphere; it did not affect lower levels of the atmosphere: The dose rates shown above are expressed as multiples of sea level. For instance, we see that boarding a plane that flies at 25,000 feet exposes passengers to dose rates ~10x higher than sea level. At 40,000 feet, the multiplier is closer to 50x. The higher you fly, the more radiation you will absorb. .Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can seed clouds, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. Somewhat more controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) link cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. .Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners. Data points in the first graph ("Stratospheric Radiation") correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today. | The official U.S. government space weather bureau | | The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. | | Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever. | | 3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory | | Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. | | information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary | | from the NOAA Space Environment Center | | fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong. | | from the NOAA Space Environment Center | | the underlying science of space weather | | BestCSGOGambling is the best site for everything related to CSGO gambling on the web | | To find reviews of new online casino sites in the UK try The Casino DB where there are hundreds of online casino reviews complete with bonuses and ratings. Alternatively, Online-Casinos.xyz is another massive directory of online casinos listing sites for the UK and Worldwide. Casinos that offer Rupees for bonuses are very generous to Indian players. 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