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SpaceWeather.com -- News and information about meteor showers, solar flares, auroras, and near-Earth asteroids
 
Solar wind
speed: 579.0 km/sec
density: 16.54 protons/cm3
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 1147 UT
X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max: B7
2208 UT Nov03
24-hr: C1
0725 UT Nov03
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at: 2350 UT
Daily Sun: 03 Nov 22
Expand: labels | no labels
All of today's sunspots have stable magnetic fields that pose almost no threat for strong solar flares. Credit: SDO/HMI

Sunspot number: 49
What is the sunspot number?
Updated 03 Nov 2022

Spotless Days
Current Stretch: 0 days
2022 total: 1 day (<1%)
2021 total: 64 days (18%)
2020 total: 208 days (57%)
2019 total: 281 days (77%)
2018 total: 221 days (61%)
2017 total: 104 days (28%)
2016 total: 32 days (9%)
2015 total: 0 days (0%)
2014 total: 1 day (<1%)
2013 total: 0 days (0%)
2012 total: 0 days (0%)
2011 total: 2 days (<1%)
2010 total: 51 days (14%)
2009 total: 260 days (71%)
2008 total: 268 days (73%)
2007 total: 152 days (42%)
2006 total: 70 days (19%)

Updated 03 Nov 2022


Thermosphere Climate Index
today: 16.68
x1010 W Neutral
Max: 49.4
x1010 W Hot (10/1957)
Min: 2.05
x1010 W Cold (02/2009)
explanation | more data: gfx, txt
Updated 03 Nov 2022

The Radio Sun
10.7 cm flux: 130 sfu
explanation | more data
Updated 03 Nov 2022

Cosmic Rays Solar Cycle 25 is beginning, and this is reflected in the number of cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere. Neutron counts from the University of Oulu's Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory show that cosmic rays reaching Earth are slowly declining--a result of the yin-yang relationship between the solar cycle and cosmic rays.

Oulu Neutron Counts

Percentages of the Space Age average:
today: +3.8% Elevated
48-hr change: +0.4%
Max: +11.7% Very High
(12/2009)
Min: -32.1% Very Low (06/1991)
explanation | more data
Updated 03 Nov 2022 @ 0700 UT

Current Auroral Oval:
Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica
Credit: NOAA/Ovation
Planetary K-index
Now: Kp= 4 unsettled
24-hr max: Kp= 5
storm
explanation | more data
Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 7.35 nT
Bz: -0.06 nT south
more data: ACE, DSCOVR
Updated: Today at 1146 UT
Coronal Holes: 03 Nov 22

Solar wind flowing from the indicated coronal hole should reach Earth on Nov. 5th.
Credit: SDO/AIA

Noctilucent Clouds
The summer season for northern noctilucent clouds has ended; the southern season will begin in November.
Switch view: Europe, USA, Asia, Polar
Updated Nov03
SPACE WEATHER
NOAA Forecasts
Updated at: 2022 Nov 03 2200 UTC
FLARE
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
CLASS M
10 %
10 %
CLASS X
01 %
01 %
Geomagnetic Storms:
Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at: 2022 Nov 03 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
40 %
40 %
MINOR
25 %
30 %
SEVERE
05 %
10 %
High latitudes
0-24 hr
24-48 hr
ACTIVE
10 %
05 %
MINOR
25 %
20 %
SEVERE
65 %
70 %
 
Thursday, Nov. 3, 2022
What's up in space
       
 

Never miss another geomagnetic storm. Sign up for Space Weather Alerts and you'll receive a text message when magnetic storms erupt. Aurora tour guides and professional astronomers use this service. You can, too!

 

GEOMAGNETIC UNREST: Earth's magnetic field remains unsettled in the aftermath of a G1-class geomagnetic storm on Nov. 3rd. The storm lasted for more than 6 hours as a crack opened in Earth's magnetic field, allowing solar wind to enter. Arctic sky watchers should remain alert for auroras on Nov. 4th. Aurora alerts: SMS Text.

AN EXPLOSION OF PINK AURORAS: If you spend 10 years inside the Arctic Circle, you're going to see a lot of auroras. "I have been guiding aurora tours full time for the past decade, leading more than 1000 tours," says Markus Varik of Tromsø, Norway. "I thought I had seen it all." Think again:

"We headed out early last night (Nov. 2nd) to chase the lights--and what a surprise!" he says. "These were the most intense pink auroras I have ever seen. The pink color was bright and obvious to the naked eye. My entire group was stunned."

Pink auroras are a sign of nitrogen. Most auroras are green--the color of oxygen atoms being struck by energetic particles 100 km to 300 km above Earth's surface. Pink appears when energetic particles from space descend lower than usual, striking nitrogen molecules at the 100 km level and below.

What happened? Just before Varik went out aurora hunting, a crack formed in Earth's magnetic field. Energetic particles rushed through the gap, penetrating deeply enough for pink. Aurora alerts: SMS Text.

Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

FIREBALL SMOKE RING: On Halloween night a meteor streaked over Oracle, Arizona, and exploded in a flash more than 50 times brighter than Venus. "What was remarkable about this event is that it created a smoke train that was visible for more than 45 minutes," says amateur astronomer Jan Curtis, who caught the whole thing on video:

Fireball & 60 minute smoke train

The fireball exploded almost 100 km above Earth's surface. The debris was twisted into a ring by winds at the top of our planet's atmosphere. These particles of meteor smokecould linger in the high atmosphere for months to years, ultimately seeding noctilucent clouds.

Curtis has been running his cameras every night hoping to catch fireballs from the Taurid Swarm. This, however, was no Taurid. It appears to be a random meteoroid--the kind that hits Earth every night in small numbers. The Taurids came one night later.

Realtime Space Weather Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter

"I LOVE YOU FOREVER" MOONSTONE PENDANT: Are you looking for a far-out gift? Consider the "I Love You Forever" Moonstone. This one hitched a ride to the stratosphere onboard a cosmic ray research ballooin on Oct. 15, 2022:

You can have it for $162.95. The moonstone's sterling silver infinity wrap is inscribed with the words "I love you forever." It makes a great anniversary, Christmas or birthday gift. The moonstone comes with a greeting card showing the pendant in flight, telling the story of its trip to the edge of space and back again.

Far Out Gifts: Earth to Sky Store
All sales support hands-on STEM education


Realtime Aurora Photo Gallery
Free:
Spaceweather.com Newsletter


  All Sky Fireball Network
Every night, a network of NASA all-sky cameras scans the skies above the United States for meteoritic fireballs. Automated software maintained by NASA's Meteoroid Environment Office calculates their orbits, velocity, penetration depth in Earth's atmosphere and many other characteristics. Daily results are presented here on Spaceweather.com.

On Nov 03, 2022, the network reported 44 fireballs.
(26 sporadics, 18 northern Taurids)

In this diagram of the inner solar system, all of the fireball orbits intersect at a single point--Earth. The orbits are color-coded by velocity, from slow (red) to fast (blue). [Larger image] [movies]

  Near Earth Asteroids
Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.
On November 3, 2022 there were 2311 potentially hazardous asteroids.
Recent & Upcoming Earth-asteroid encounters:
Asteroid
Date(UT)
Miss Distance
Velocity (km/s)
Diameter (m)
2022 UV15
2022-Oct-29
1.5 LD
11.3
22
2022 UM20
2022-Oct-29
19 LD
11.3
41
2004 UT1
2022-Oct-29
3.9 LD
6.4
17
2022 UW16
2022-Oct-29
0.1 LD
12.3
6
2022 UO12
2022-Oct-29
1.3 LD
16.4
8
2022 UT16
2022-Oct-29
3.4 LD
8.1
15
2022 UN16
2022-Oct-29
12.1 LD
6.5
26
2022 UW6
2022-Oct-30
11.3 LD
4.1
27
2022 US20
2022-Oct-30
5 LD
7.8
24
2022 UU8
2022-Oct-30
1.5 LD
4.5
9
2022 UR11
2022-Oct-30
4.7 LD
12.8
10
2022 UU10
2022-Oct-30
6 LD
4.3
11
2022 UW15
2022-Oct-30
0.3 LD
7.9
3
2022 UT10
2022-Oct-30
4.9 LD
4.5
16
2022 UX27
2022-Oct-30
1.1 LD
15.3
11
2022 UU9
2022-Oct-30
6.1 LD
12
12
2022 UG16
2022-Oct-30
4.2 LD
10.1
31
2022 UD13
2022-Oct-30
2 LD
12.8
19
2022 UD11
2022-Oct-30
10.5 LD
15.9
37
2022 UA21
2022-Oct-31
1.2 LD
4.4
5
2022 UP13
2022-Oct-31
17.4 LD
8.1
32
2017 VD15
2022-Oct-31
14.1 LD
5.3
25
2022 UW10
2022-Oct-31
4.4 LD
6.7
21
2022 VJ
2022-Oct-31
14.9 LD
8.1
33
2022 UO11
2022-Oct-31
11 LD
8.7
18
2022 UF11
2022-Oct-31
2.6 LD
7.9
8
2022 UN28
2022-Oct-31
4.6 LD
13.2
14
2022 UB14
2022-Oct-31
3.5 LD
10.6
12
2022 VG
2022-Oct-31
2 LD
9.4
10
2022 UK24
2022-Oct-31
1 LD
16
8
2022 VF
2022-Oct-31
1.2 LD
6.5
10
2022 UX20
2022-Oct-31
4.8 LD
12.3
11
2021 VH
2022-Nov-01
5.9 LD
5.3
4
2022 UT14
2022-Nov-01
3 LD
17.8
15
2022 RM4
2022-Nov-01
6 LD
23.5
443
2022 UA28
2022-Nov-01
7.3 LD
9.4
11
2022 UR16
2022-Nov-01
13.6 LD
9.2
29
2022 UY24
2022-Nov-01
15.1 LD
7
34
2022 UD21
2022-Nov-02
10.8 LD
11.6
27
2022 UU21
2022-Nov-02
4.1 LD
9.9
8
2022 UZ5
2022-Nov-02
4.5 LD
9.4
47
2022 UP17
2022-Nov-03
1.6 LD
19.3
12
2022 VD
2022-Nov-03
1.8 LD
8.4
6
2022 UZ8
2022-Nov-03
12.8 LD
10.4
22
2022 UN5
2022-Nov-04
14.7 LD
8.2
32
2022 UB9
2022-Nov-04
16.4 LD
6.5
18
2022 UQ20
2022-Nov-04
3.1 LD
8.3
12
2022 VC
2022-Nov-04
7.2 LD
9.9
17
2022 UL6
2022-Nov-04
17.6 LD
4.4
39
2022 UB16
2022-Nov-05
7.5 LD
19.7
44
2022 UK10
2022-Nov-05
15.4 LD
11.8
27
2022 UM21
2022-Nov-05
10.2 LD
14.3
17
2022 UM16
2022-Nov-05
11.8 LD
15.8
70
2022 UY14
2022-Nov-06
8.9 LD
19.8
33
2022 UC34
2022-Nov-06
1.7 LD
10.9
7
2022 UO6
2022-Nov-06
11.5 LD
11.5
38
2022 VA
2022-Nov-06
8.2 LD
12.4
25
2022 UC22
2022-Nov-07
18.2 LD
17.3
198
2022 UN21
2022-Nov-07
8 LD
11.1
18
2022 US6
2022-Nov-07
9.7 LD
7.2
19
2022 UR21
2022-Nov-07
8.6 LD
9.8
18
2022 UK5
2022-Nov-08
14.3 LD
5.2
43
2020 WD
2022-Nov-08
3 LD
6
8
2022 UC5
2022-Nov-08
6.1 LD
12.9
38
2022 UV20
2022-Nov-09
7.7 LD
8.4
21
2019 XS
2022-Nov-10
16.7 LD
11.9
60
2022 UV14
2022-Nov-11
10.8 LD
7.7
20
2020 FC4
2022-Nov-12
19.3 LD
13.3
78
2022 VE
2022-Nov-13
11.3 LD
9.6
33
2022 UH16
2022-Nov-14
14.9 LD
9.8
23
2022 UP2
2022-Nov-14
10.6 LD
6
34
2019 VL5
2022-Nov-15
8.5 LD
8.1
24
2022 UD28
2022-Nov-16
10.9 LD
11.5
32
2018 WH
2022-Nov-16
2.5 LD
7.7
4
2022 US14
2022-Nov-18
8.5 LD
8.2
40
2019 OR1
2022-Nov-21
18.1 LD
13.4
246
2005 LW3
2022-Nov-23
3 LD
13.5
168
2010 VQ
2022-Dec-02
11.9 LD
3.9
10
2009 HV58
2022-Dec-02
12.3 LD
28.8
427
2022 UT8
2022-Dec-02
11.2 LD
4.2
64
2017 QL33
2022-Dec-03
16 LD
6.9
195
2019 XY
2022-Dec-10
3.6 LD
12.9
9
2003 YS70
2022-Dec-13
10.4 LD
4.1
5
2019 XQ1
2022-Dec-13
14.5 LD
9.8
30
2018 XU3
2022-Dec-13
14.8 LD
10.3
30
2021 XS4
2022-Dec-14
14.5 LD
9.7
23
2015 RN35
2022-Dec-15
1.8 LD
5.9
84
2016 YE
2022-Dec-18
18.6 LD
4.8
23
2014 HK129
2022-Dec-20
6.7 LD
11.6
214
2017 XQ60
2022-Dec-21
18.8 LD
16
45
2022 UD9
2022-Dec-22
4.6 LD
10.3
153
2022 RD2
2022-Dec-22
13.9 LD
1.1
7
2013 YA14
2022-Dec-25
2.7 LD
10.5
68
2022 TE14
2022-Dec-25
11.2 LD
7
128
2018 YK2
2022-Dec-26
15.8 LD
15.1
98
2010 XC15
2022-Dec-27
2 LD
10.1
184
2021 AE
2022-Dec-28
16.5 LD
15
23
Notes: LD means "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU.
  Cosmic Rays in the Atmosphere

SPACE WEATHER BALLOON DATA: Almost once a week, Spaceweather.com and the students of Earth to Sky Calculus fly space weather balloons to the stratosphere over California. These balloons are equipped with sensors that detect secondary cosmic rays, a form of radiation from space that can penetrate all the way down to Earth's surface. Our monitoring program has been underway without interruption for 7 years, resulting in a unique dataset of in situ atmospheric measurements.

Latest results (July 2022): Atmospheric radiation is decreasing in 2022. Our latest measurements in July 2022 registered a 6-year low:

What's going on? Ironically, the radiation drop is caused by increasing solar activity. Solar Cycle 25 has roared to life faster than forecasters expected. The sun's strengthening and increasingly tangled magnetic field repels cosmic rays from deep space. In addition, solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) sweep aside cosmic rays, causing sharp reductions called "Forbush Decreases." The two effects blend together to bring daily radiation levels down.

.Who cares? Cosmic rays are a surprisingly "down to Earth" form of space weather. They can alter the chemistry of the atmosphere, trigger lightning, and penetrate commercial airplanes. According to a study from the Harvard T.H. Chan school of public health, crews of aircraft have higher rates of cancer than the general population. The researchers listed cosmic rays, irregular sleep habits, and chemical contaminants as leading risk factors. A number of controversial studies (#1, #2, #3, #4) go even further, linking cosmic rays with cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death.

Technical notes: The radiation sensors onboard our helium balloons detect X-rays and gamma-rays in the energy range 10 keV to 20 MeV. These energies span the range of medical X-ray machines and airport security scanners.

Data points in the graph labeled "Stratospheric Radiation" correspond to the peak of the Regener-Pfotzer maximum, which lies about 67,000 feet above central California. When cosmic rays crash into Earth's atmosphere, they produce a spray of secondary particles that is most intense at the entrance to the stratosphere. Physicists Eric Regener and Georg Pfotzer discovered the maximum using balloons in the 1930s and it is what we are measuring today.

  Essential web links
NOAA Space Weather Prediction Center
  The official U.S. government space weather bureau
Atmospheric Optics
  The first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena.
Solar Dynamics Observatory
  Researchers call it a "Hubble for the sun." SDO is the most advanced solar observatory ever.
STEREO
  3D views of the sun from NASA's Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory
Solar and Heliospheric Observatory
  Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO.
SolarMonitor.org
  information about sunspots based on the latest NOAA/USAF Active Region Summary
Starlink Satellite Statistics
  current counts of failed and deployed Starlink satellites from Jonathan's Space Page
The Aerospace Corporation
  Authoritative predictions of space junk and satellite re-entries
Daily Sunspot Summaries
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
NOAA 27-Day Space Weather Forecasts
  fun to read, but should be taken with a grain of salt! Forecasts looking ahead more than a few days are often wrong.
Aurora 30 min forecast
  from the NOAA Space Environment Center
Live Aurora Webcam
  from Lights over Lapland
Heliophysics
  the underlying science of space weather

To get the best views of the cosmos, check out the Phoenix Window Glass Replacement experts for all your window and glass needs

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