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SpaceWeather.com -- News and information about meteor showers, solar flares, auroras, and near-Earth asteroids

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Science news and information about the Sun-Earth environment.

SPACE WEATHER
Current
Conditions

Solar Wind

speed: 482.7 km/s
density:
3.3 protons/cm3
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

X-ray Solar Flares

6-hr max:
B1 1825 UT Apr26
24-hr: C2 0240 UT Apr26
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

Daily Sun: 25 Apr '04
Sunspot 599 has a beta-gamma magnetic field that harbors energy for M-class solar flares. Image credit: Bruno Nolf

The Far Side of the Sun

This holographic image reveals one sunspot group on the far side of the Sun. Image credit: SOHO/MDI


Sunspot Number: 45
What is the sunspot number?
Updated: 25 Apr 2004

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 7.1 nT
Bz:
0.1 nT south
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2246 UT

Coronal Holes:

A solar wind stream flowing from the indicated coronal hole could reach Earth as early as April 27th and spark high-latitude auroras. Image credit: SOHO Extreme UV Imager


SPACE WEATHER
NOAA
Forecasts

Solar Flares: Probabilities for a medium-sized (M-class) or a major (X-class) solar flare during the next 24/48 hours are tabulated below.
Updated at 2004 Apr 26 2200 UTC
FLARE 0-24 hr 24-48 hr
CLASS M 15 % 15 %
CLASS X 01 % 01 %

Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at 2004 Apr 26 2200 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 20 % 15 %
MINOR 15 % 10 %
SEVERE 10 % 05 %

High latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 25 % 20 %
MINOR 20 % 15 %
SEVERE 15 % 05 %

What's Up in Space -- 26 Apr 2004
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AURORA WATCH: A geomagnetic storm is possible during the next 24 hours as Earth eases into a solar wind stream flowing from a coronal hole. If auroras appear, the best displays will be at high latitudes--e.g., Canada and northern-tier US states such as Minnesota, Wisconsin and Michigan. [April aurora gallery]

Would you like a call when auroras appear over your home town? Sign up for Spaceweather PHONE.

MORNING COMET: Comet Bradfield (C/2004 F4), which flew by the Sun on April 17th, is emerging now from the Sun's glare. Look for it rising in the eastern sky just before dawn. The comet is barely visible to the naked eye, but it's a beautiful sight through binoculars. [sky map] [ephemeris] Japanese photographer Sho Endo took this picture of the comet, a 27-sec exposure on 400-speed film, on April 24th:

On April 27th, Homam Hosseini saw the comet from Tehran, Iran. "At first I noticed a faint band of light, like a light projector pointing into the sky from behind the hills," says Hosseini. "When I looked through binoculars I could easily see fine details in the milky tail. Later, the entire comet rose above the hillside." [photo]

more images: from Brian Whittaker in an airplane 35,000 ft above Newfoundland, Canada (Apr. 24); from Jimmy Westlake near Steamboat Springs, Colorado (Apr. 26); from Anthony Arrigo of Park City, Utah (Apr. 26); from Pete Lawrence of Selsey, West Sussex, UK (Apr. 26); from Giovanni Sostero on Mont Colovrat, Italy (Apr. 25); from Sho Endo at Chiba, Japan (Apr. 24); from Luis Carreira of Leiria, Portugal (Apr. 24); from Rolando Ligustri of Latisana, Italy (Apr. 25); from Alessandro Dimai at Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy (Apr. 25);

PLANETS GALORE: When the sun goes down tonight, look west. The sky is full of planets. Venus is the first one you'll notice, so bright it's often mistaken for a UFO. The Moon, Saturn, Mars and Jupiter are there, too. Get the full story from Science@NASA.

Above: On April 23rd the crescent Moon glided by Venus. Andrew Greenwood of Kerridge, Cheshire, England, captured the encounter using his digital camera. Pictured above is a series of half-second exposures taken at two minute intervals. "The stacking of the images was done as per described in a recent Sky and Telescope article on creating star trails with digital cameras," says Greenwood.

COMET LINEAR: Comet Bradfield isn't the only early-morning comet. Comet LINEAR (C/2002 T7) is there, too, together with Bradfield in the constellation Pisces. Both are about as bright as a 4th magnitude star. When you find one comet, scan back and forth with binoculars; you'll probably be able to find the other. Bradfield is the one with the longer, brighter tail. [sky map] [ephemeris]



Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs are on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.

On 26 Apr 2004 there were 595 known Potentially
Hazardous Asteroids

April 2004 Earth-asteroid encounters
ASTEROID

 DATE (UT)

 MISS DISTANCE

 MAG.
2001 HB

Apr. 4

36 LD

 19
2004 FY31

Apr. 11

12 LD

 19
1999 DJ4

Apr. 20

23 LD

 19
2004 GE2

Apr. 24

13 LD

 17
2003 YT1

Apr. 30

29 LD

 14
Notes: LD is a "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.

Essential Web Links

NOAA Space Environment Center -- The official U.S. government bureau for real-time monitoring of solar and geophysical events, research in solar-terrestrial physics, and forecasting solar and geophysical disturbances.

Atmospheric Optics -- the first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena. See also Snow Crystals.

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory -- Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. (European Mirror Site)

Daily Sunspot Summaries -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Current Solar Images --a gallery of up-to-date solar pictures from the National Solar Data Analysis Center at the Goddard Space Flight Center. See also the GOES-12 Soft X-ray Imager.

Recent Solar Events -- a nice summary of current solar conditions from lmsal.com.

SOHO Farside Images of the Sun from SWAN and MDI.

The Latest SOHO Coronagraph Images -- from the Naval Research Lab

The Sun from Earth -- daily images of our star from the Big Bear Solar Observatory

List of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

Observable Comets -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

What is the Interplanetary Magnetic Field? -- A lucid answer from the University of Michigan. See also the Anatomy of Earth's Magnetosphere.

Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from NASA's ACE spacecraft. How powerful are solar wind gusts? Read this story from Science@NASA.

More Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Proton Monitor.

Aurora Forecast --from the University of Alaska's Geophysical Institute

Daily Solar Flare and Sunspot Data -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Lists of Coronal Mass Ejections -- from 1998 to 2001

What is an Iridium flare? See also Photographing Satellites by Brian Webb.

Vandenberg AFB missile launch schedule.

What is an Astronomical Unit, or AU?

Mirages: Mirages in Finland; An Introduction to Mirages;

NOAA Solar Flare and Sunspot Data: 1999; 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; Jan-Mar., 2004;

Space Audio Streams: (University of Florida) 20 MHz radio emissions from Jupiter: #1, #2, #3, #4; (NASA/Marshall) INSPIRE: #1; (Stan Nelson of Roswell, New Mexico) meteor radar: #1, #2;

Recent International Astronomical Union Circulars

GLOSSARY | SPACE WEATHER TUTORIAL

Editor's Note: This site is sponsored by Science@NASA. Space weather and other forecasts that appear here are formulated by Dr. Tony Phillips. They are not guarantees of space weather or other celestial activity.

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