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SpaceWeather.com -- News and information about meteor showers, solar flares, auroras, and near-Earth asteroids

SpaceWeather.com
Science news and information about the Sun-Earth environment.

SPACE WEATHER
Current
Conditions

Solar Wind
speed: 289.7 km/s
density:
3.6 protons/cm3
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

X-ray Solar Flares
6-hr max:
A0 2040 UT Feb24
24-hr: A2 1320 UT Feb24
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2245 UT

Daily Sun: 24 Feb '07

Returning sunspot 944 poses no immediate threat for strong solar flares. Credit: SOHO/MDI

Sunspot Number: 22
What is the sunspot number?
Updated: 23 Feb 2007

Far Side of the Sun

This holographic image reveals no spots on the far side of the sun. Image credit: SOHO/MDI

Interplanetary Mag. Field
Btotal: 5.2 nT
Bz:
0.8 nT south
explanation | more data
Updated: Today at 2247 UT

Coronal Holes:

Coronal hole data is temporarily unavailable while SOHO's ultraviolet telescope undergoes a CCD bakeout.


SPACE WEATHER
NOAA
Forecasts

Solar Flares: Probabilities for a medium-sized (M-class) or a major (X-class) solar flare during the next 24/48 hours are tabulated below.
Updated at 2007 Feb 24 2203 UTC
FLARE 0-24 hr 24-48 hr
CLASS M 01 % 01 %
CLASS X 01 % 01 %

Geomagnetic Storms: Probabilities for significant disturbances in Earth's magnetic field are given for three activity levels: active, minor storm, severe storm
Updated at 2007 Feb 24 2203 UTC
Mid-latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 30 % 25 %
MINOR 20 % 15 %
SEVERE 05 % 01 %

High latitudes
0-24 hr 24-48 hr
ACTIVE 35 % 30 %
MINOR 25 % 20 %
SEVERE 15 % 10 %

What's Up in Space -- 24 Feb 2007
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The space shuttle flies in March. Would you like a call when it soars over your backyard? Spaceweather PHONE!

AURORA WATCH: Sky watchers from Scandinavia to Alaska should be alert for auroras perhaps as early as tonight but more likely on Feb. 25th. That's when a solar wind stream is due to hit Earth's magnetosphere.

A SUNSPOT WITH MANY NAMES: What do the numbers 923, 930, 935, 941 and 944 have in common? Answer: They're different names for the same sunspot, this one:


Sunspot 944: the view through a Coronado SolarMax90

Greg Piepol of Rockville, Maryland, took the picture today. It shows sunspot 944 coming around the sun's eastern limb--for the fifth time! Usually sunspots form and dissolve in a matter of weeks, but this spot has endured for more than five 27-day solar rotations. By long and idiosyncratic tradition, a sunspot receives a new number each time it reappears.

Sunspot 944 may not seem impressive now, but one month ago as "941" it was a lovely spiral. Three months ago as "930" it produced one of the strongest flares of the past 25 years and Northern Lights as far south as Arizona. What will it do this time? Stay tuned.

more images: from Gema Araujo of Merida, Spain; from Monty Leventhal of Sydney, Australia.

DEBRIS SWARM: When a Russian Briz-M rocket booster exploded over Australia on Feb. 19th, astronomer Gordon Garradd was first to report it, and he may have observed the display longer than anyone else--for nearly an hour. That gave him time to take plenty of pictures, which he has stitched together into a remarkable movie. This snippet shows a swarm of fragments expanding around the center of the blast:


Photo details: Nikon D200, 85mm lens @ f/1.6, ISO 500.

The full-length movie contains much more--a billowing cloud of rocket fuel, hundreds of stars, dozens of fragments, and several bright satellites streaking through the field of view. (How many can you count?) Click to view a medium-resolution 4 MB video or a high-resolution 20 MB video.

Experts at NASA and elsewhere are studying these images carefully, both to learn about the physics of satellite break-ups and to track the trajectory of the debris. "There is no immediate threat to the space station," says Mark Matney of NASA's Orbital Debris Office at the Johnson Space Center, "but we're analyzing the orbits to assess any long-term hazard."



Potentially Hazardous Asteroids (PHAs) are space rocks larger than approximately 100m that can come closer to Earth than 0.05 AU. None of the known PHAs is on a collision course with our planet, although astronomers are finding new ones all the time.

On 24 Feb 2007 there were 846 known Potentially
Hazardous Asteroids

Feb-Mar 2007 Earth-asteroid encounters
ASTEROID

 DATE
(UT)

MISS DISTANCE

MAG.

 SIZE
2006 AM4

Feb. 1

5.2 LD

16

180 m
2007 BZ48

Feb. 7

4.5 LD

18

30 m
2006 VV2

Mar. 31

8.8 LD

9

2 km
Notes: LD is a "Lunar Distance." 1 LD = 384,401 km, the distance between Earth and the Moon. 1 LD also equals 0.00256 AU. MAG is the visual magnitude of the asteroid on the date of closest approach.

Essential Web Links

NOAA Space Environment Center -- The official U.S. government bureau for real-time monitoring of solar and geophysical events, research in solar-terrestrial physics, and forecasting solar and geophysical disturbances.

Atmospheric Optics -- the first place to look for information about sundogs, pillars, rainbows and related phenomena.

Solar and Heliospheric Observatory -- Realtime and archival images of the Sun from SOHO. (European Mirror Site)

Daily Sunspot Summaries -- from the NOAA Space Environment Center.

Current Solar Images -- from the National Solar Data Analysis Center

Recent Solar Events -- a summary of current solar conditions from lmsal.com.

What is the Magnetosphere?

The Lion Roars -- visit this site to find out what the magnetosphere sounds like.

List of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

Observable Comets -- from the Harvard Minor Planet Center.

Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from NASA's ACE spacecraft.

How powerful are solar wind gusts? Not very! Read this story from Science@NASA.

More Real-time Solar Wind Data -- from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory Proton Monitor.

Lists of Coronal Mass Ejections -- from 1996 to 2006

Mirages: Mirages in Finland; An Introduction to Mirages;

NOAA Solar Flare and Sunspot Data: 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999; 2000; 2001; 2002; 2003; 2004; 2005; Jan-Mar 2006; Apr-Jun 2006; Jul-Sep 2006; Oct-Dec 2006.

This site is penned daily by Dr. Tony Phillips: email


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